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1.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218438

ABSTRACT

Aims: To describe a Neovascular Glaucoma Secondary to Bloch-Sulzberger Syndrome.Presentation of Case: A.B.F. female, 23 years old, claimed significant pain sensation and hyperemia in the left eye (LE) for 45 days, without triggering factors. She came to the consultation with a previous diagnosis of Bloch-Sulzberger Syndrome with pigmented lesions in the lower limbs since childhood, being followed up by dermatology since then.Discussion: The diagnosis of IP (Incontinentia Pigmenti) is complex because it mimics other dermatoses. The impairment in other systems, such as the ophthalmic system, with the possibility of loss of vision and functional disability is a reality. The natural history of retinal lesions is not fully understood. Vascular changes seem to start in the first weeks of life and progress after birth for weeks or months, and may stabilize at any stage, leaving numerous sequelae.Conclusions: Incontinentia pigmenti is difficult to diagnose and, at each evolutionary stage, presents many differential diagnoses. Eye injuries can lead to blindness as a consequence of ischemic events that can start soon after birth.

2.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218404

ABSTRACT

Aims: To describe a Central Retinal Vein Occlusion Secondary to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria.Presentation of Case: A 25 years old, male, student, in regular follow-up in the Hematology sector due to Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria in regular use of Eculizumab. He reports a month ago that he suddenly noticed, upon waking up in the morning, blurring and decreased visual acuity in her left eye.Discussion: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired disorder characterized by hemolysis, thrombosis, and bone marrow failure caused by defective expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored (GPI-anchored) complement inhibitors. Most commonly, PNH is caused by the loss of PIGA function, which is necessary for GPI biosynthesis.Conclusions: Patients with hemolytic anemia, unexplained thrombosis, especially in uncommon sites, cytopenias and bone marrow failure syndromes, dysphagia, and unexplained abdominal pain should be screened for PNH. PNH patients can benefit greatly from the treatments available, with a reduction in the risk of serious sequelae and a considerable improvement in their quality of life. So that the patient continues to be followed up in the ophthalmology department, with decreased visual acuity ipsilateral to the lesion, with a relative afferent pupillary defect on that side.

3.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218418

ABSTRACT

Aims: To describe Congenital Ocular Melanocytosis.Presentation of Case: LPC, 7 years old, male, brown, with no previous comorbidities, was taken to the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of the Hospital Universit醨io Ant鬾io Pedro, Brazil by parents who alleged the presence of bluish-looking lesions in the sclera of the child's right eye since birth.Discussion: Congenital Ocular Melanocytosis is a rare pathology characterized by an increase in the number, size and pigmentation of melanocytes. Its pathophysiological picture is unknown, but it is believed to be due to an alteration in the migration of melanocytes from the neural crest to the epidermis during the embryonic process. This condition can be complicated by glaucoma and uveal melanoma. Gonioscopy is essential in these cases to assess whether there is pigmentation of the trabeculae, so that the propaedeutics of investigation of glaucoma becomes essential in these patients, since 10% of cases can complicate this condition.Conclusions: Congenital Ocular Melanocytosis early in life and the importance of monitoring these patients should be emphasized. Comprehensive tests are important for early detection and treatment, in order to improve the prognosis and avoid more severe consequences than what can happen from melanocytosis.

4.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218412

ABSTRACT

Aims :To describe Angioid Streaks and Systemic PathologiesPresentation of Case: T.A.N., male, 32 years old, lawyer, born in Rio de Janeiro, attends the routine ophthalmologic appointment without specific ophthalmologic complaints.In her previous pathological history, he claims not to have systemic comorbidities. Denies diabetes, eye trauma, previous eye surgeries and any eye pathologies. Denies previous ophthalmologic procedures, daily use of eye drops and family members with a history of glaucoma.Discussion: The patient in the report, up to the time of the consultation, claimed not to be aware of any systemic pathology and did not present any ocular complaints, not even knowing the findings of his fundus examination. Systemic associations should always be considered when diagnosing Angioid Streaks on funduscopy. Patients with Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum must have their follow-up done in parallel with the dermatology service. Patients with hemoglobinopathies should be immediately referred for diagnostic clarification with the medical clinic teamConclusions: It is essential that specialists are familiarized with the peculiar appearance , their potential to produce retinal and subretinal complications and, especially, remember that this finding in funduscopy can be unique without being associated with systemic diseases.

5.
Braz. j. biol ; 80(3): 497-505, July-Sept. 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1132403

ABSTRACT

Abstract Little is known regarding whether photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced cell death can substantially compromise macrophages (MΦ), which are important cells in PDT-induced immune responses. Here, parameters of PDT-mediated MΦ cytotoxicity and cytokine production in response to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) were evaluated. Peritoneal MΦ from BALB/c mice were stimulated in vitro with PDT, light, PpIX, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After that, cell viability, lipid peroxidation, Nitric Oxide (NO), DNA damage, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were evaluated. Short PDT exposure reduced cell viability by 10-30%. There was a two-fold increase in NO and DNA degradation, despite the non-increase in lipoperoxidation. PDT increased TNF-α and IL-10, particularly in the presence of LPS, and decreased the production of IL-6 to 10-fold. PDT causes cellular stress, induces NO radicals and leads to DNA degradation, generating a cytotoxic microenvironment. Furthermore, PDT modulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in MΦ.


Resumo Pouco se sabe se a morte celular induzida pela terapia fotodinâmica (PDT) compromete os macrófagos (MΦ), envolvidos nas respostas imunes induzidas pela PDT. Neste estudo, foram avaliados parâmetros de citotoxicidade dos MΦ mediada pela PDT e a produção de citocinas, frente à protoporfirina IX (PpIX). MΦ peritoneais de camundongos BALB/c foram estimulados in vitro com PDT, luz, PpIX ou lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Após isto, a viabilidade celular (VC), a lipoperoxidação, os níveis de óxido nítrico (NO), de DNA degradado, de TNF-α, IL-6 e IL-10 foram avaliados. A exposição curta à PDT reduziu a VC em 10-30%. Os níveis de NO e de DNA degradado duplicaram, sem aumento da lipoperoxidação. Houve aumento de TNF-α e IL-10, sendo maior na presença de LPS. Já a produção de IL-6 reduziu em dez vezes. A PDT induz estresse celular, gera radicais NO e causa dano ao DNA, tornando o microambiente citotóxico. Ainda, modula citocinas pró e anti-inflamatórias em MΦ.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Photochemotherapy , Interleukin-10 , Protoporphyrins , Cytokines , Interleukin-6 , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Macrophages , Mice, Inbred BALB C
6.
Braz. j. biol ; 77(3): 519-526, July-Sept. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888795

ABSTRACT

Abstract Habitat fragmentation is considered to be one of the biggest threats to tropical ecosystem functioning. In this region, termites perform an important ecological role as decomposers and ecosystem engineers. In the present study, we tested whether termite community is negatively affected by edge effects on three fragments of Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest. Termite abundance and vegetation structure were sampled in 10 transects (15 × 2 m), while termite richness, activity, and soil litter biomass were measured in 16 quadrants (5 × 2 m) at forest edge and interior of each fragment. Habitat structure (i.e. number of tree, diameter at breast height and soil litter biomass) did not differ between forest edge and interior of fragments. Termite richness, abundance and activity were not affected by edge effect. However, differences were observed in the β diversity between forest edge and interior as well as in the fragments sampled. The β diversity partitioning indicates that species turnover is the determinant process of termite community composition under edge effect. Our results suggest that conservation strategies should be based on the selection of several distinct sites instead of few rich sites (e.g. nesting).


Resumo A fragmentação do habitat é considerada uma das maiores ameaças para o funcionamento do ecossistema tropical. Nesta região, os cupins desempenham um papel ecológico importante como decompositores e engenheiros do ecossistema. No presente estudo, testamos se comunidades de cupins são negativamente afetadas pelo efeito de borda em três fragmentos de Mata Atlântica. Para isso, foram amostrados a abundância de cupins e a estrutura da vegetação em 10 transectos (15 × 2 m), enquanto a riqueza, abundância de cupins e biomassa da serrapilheira foram amostrados em 16 parcelas (5 × 2 m) na borda e no interior de cada um dos três fragmentos. A estrutura do habitat (número de árvores, diâmetro à altura do peito e biomassa da serrapilheira) não diferiu entre a borda e o interior dos fragmentos. A riqueza, abundância e atividade dos cupins também não foram afetados pelo efeito de borda. No entanto, foram observadas diferenças na diversidade β entre borda e interior dos fragmentos, bem como nos fragmentos amostrados. O particionamento da diversidade β indicou que a substituição de espécies ("turnover") é o processo determinante da composição da comunidade de cupins sob efeito de borda. Nossos resultados sugerem que as estratégias de conservação devem ser baseadas na seleção de locais distintos em vez de poucos locais (via processo de aninhamento - "nesting").


Subject(s)
Animals , Isoptera , Biodiversity , Rainforest , Brazil
7.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1467317

ABSTRACT

Abstract Little is known regarding whether photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced cell death can substantially compromise macrophages (M), which are important cells in PDT-induced immune responses. Here, parameters of PDT-mediated M cytotoxicity and cytokine production in response to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) were evaluated. Peritoneal M from BALB/c mice were stimulated in vitro with PDT, light, PpIX, or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After that, cell viability, lipid peroxidation, Nitric Oxide (NO), DNA damage, TNF-, IL-6 and IL-10 were evaluated. Short PDT exposure reduced cell viability by 1030%. There was a two-fold increase in NO and DNA degradation, despite the non-increase in lipoperoxidation. PDT increased TNF- and IL-10, particularly in the presence of LPS, and decreased the production of IL-6 to 10-fold. PDT causes cellular stress, induces NO radicals and leads to DNA degradation, generating a cytotoxic microenvironment. Furthermore, PDT modulates pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in M.


Resumo Pouco se sabe se a morte celular induzida pela terapia fotodinâmica (PDT) compromete os macrófagos (M), envolvidos nas respostas imunes induzidas pela PDT. Neste estudo, foram avaliados parâmetros de citotoxicidade dos M mediada pela PDT e a produção de citocinas, frente à protoporfirina IX (PpIX). M peritoneais de camundongos BALB/c foram estimulados in vitro com PDT, luz, PpIX ou lipopolissacarídeo (LPS). Após isto, a viabilidade celular (VC), a lipoperoxidação, os níveis de óxido nítrico (NO), de DNA degradado, de TNF-, IL-6 e IL-10 foram avaliados. A exposição curta à PDT reduziu a VC em 10-30%. Os níveis de NO e de DNA degradado duplicaram, sem aumento da lipoperoxidação. Houve aumento de TNF- e IL-10, sendo maior na presença de LPS. Já a produção de IL-6 reduziu em dez vezes. A PDT induz estresse celular, gera radicais NO e causa dano ao DNA, tornando o microambiente citotóxico. Ainda, modula citocinas pró e anti-inflamatórias em M.

8.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 64(1): 45-52, Feb. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-617927

ABSTRACT

Compararam-se os efeitos analgésico, sedativo e neuroendócrino decorrentes da administração epidural e intramuscular da metadona em gatas submetidas à ovariossalpingoisterectomia (OSH). Todos os animais foram tranquilizados com acepromazina, 0,1mg kg-1 IM, seguindo-se a indução e manutenção anestésica com tiopental sódico, 12mg kg-1 IV, e halotano, respectivamente. Após a estabilização anestésica, os animais foram distribuídos em três grupos, com oito animais cada, tratados com metadona pela via epidural (EP) ou intramuscular (IM) 0,2mg kg-1, respectivamente, ou com solução salina (S) 0,2mL kg-1. Foram avaliados: graus de analgesia e de sedação, necessidade de analgesia de resgate, efeitos adversos e concentração sérica de cortisol. Os graus de analgesia e de sedação e o cortisol não diferiram entre os tratamentos. Analgesia de resgate foi administrada quatro, nove e 11 vezes nos tratamentos EP, IM e S, respectivamente. Nos tratamentos IM e S, a suplementação analgésica foi necessária a partir da primeira hora pós-cirúrgica, enquanto no tratamento EP, somente a partir da terceira hora após a OSH. Conclui-se que a administração de metadona pela via epidural resulta em menor quantidade do analgésico pós-operatório, e que a analgesia é mais prolongada quando comparada à obtida pela via intramuscular, em gatas submetidas à OSH.


The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic, sedative and neuroendocrine effects of epidural (EP) and intramuscular (IM) methadone in cats submitted to ovariohysterectomy. The pre-anesthetic medication was acepromazine (0.1mg kg-1, IM) followed by induction of anesthesia with intravenous thiopental, 12mg kg-1, and anesthesia maintenance with halothane. After anesthesia stabilization the cats were randomly assigned to three groups of eight animals each and received EP or IM methadone, 0.2mg kg-1 diluted with saline to 0.2mL kg-1, EP and IM, respectively, or a saline placebo (S), 0.2mL kg-1. Pain measurements, degree of sedation, rescue analgesia requirements, adverse effects and serum cortisol concentration were recorded. Cortisol, pain and sedation scores did not differ among the groups. Rescue analgesia was administered 4, 9 and 11 times in the EP, IM and S treatment, respectively. In the IM and S rescue analgesia treatments were required early (first hour postoperative), whereas in the EP treatment, additional analgesics were required after the third hour postoperative. In conclusion, methadone epidural reduced the postoperative analgesic requirements and produced longer analgesia when compared to intramuscular administration in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy.

9.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 15(1): 23-29, jan.-mar. 2005. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570878

ABSTRACT

Das partes aéreas de Herissantia tiubae (K. Schum.) Brizicky foram isolados, através de métodos cromatográficos, dois flavonóides glicosilados, canferol 3,7-di-O-a-L-ramnopiranosídeo e canferol 3-b-O-D-(6’’-E-p-cumaroil) glicosídeo. As estruturas foram identificadas com o uso de técnicas espectroscópicas de IV, RMN ¹H e 13C incluindo métodos bidimensionais, além de comparações com dados da literatura. O canferol 3,7-di-O-a-L-ramnopiranosídeo foi submetido a testes farmacológicos preliminares com a finalidade de avaliar o seu efeito sobre o sistema cardiovascular.


From the aerial parts of Herissantia tiubae (K. Schum.) Brizicky two flavonol glycosides were isolated by means of chromatographic methods, kaempferol 3,7-di-O-a-L-rhamnopyranoside and kaempferol 3-O-b-D-(6’’-E-p-coumaroyl) glucoside. Their structural identification was made by IV, ¹H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including two dimensional techniques, together with comparison with literatura data. Preliminary tests were carried out with kaempferol 3,7-di-O-a-L-rhamnopyranoside in order to study its possible cardiovascular effect.

10.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 56(1): 119-122, fev. 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-362148

ABSTRACT

Leihsmaniasis is a protozoal disease transmitted by dipteran insects. The dog is an important domestic host of both visceral and cutaneous forms of the disease. These forms affects humans in many countries, and it is considered a serious risk for human health. This study reports clinical and laboratorial data from 18 dogs. Nine dogs were positive by indirect immunofluorescence technique and the other nine were negative. The dogs were clinically monitored for 30 days and laboratorial changes were assessed. Three blood samples were collected for hemogram and serum biochemistry at 0, 15, and 30 days. The clinical signs of positive dogs were compatible with the disease, including lymphadenopathy, cutaneous ulcers, hyperthermia, apathy, cachexia and ulcerated mucosa. Marked differences were observed in the blood cell counts and blood biochemistry between positive and negative dogs. In conclusion, blood and biochemistry analyses of positive dogs were not sufficient to diagnose the disease within the period studied. The serologic test associated with the clinical signs are important to confirm the diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Clinical Laboratory Techniques , Dogs , Leishmaniasis
11.
Psiquiatr. biol ; 8(3): 75-87, set. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-303431

ABSTRACT

O lítio ainda é a primeira escolha no tratamento profilático do transtorno bipolar. Porém, aproximadamente 1/3 dos pacientes com o curso clássico do transtorno bipolar, näo respondem de maneira adequada o lítio. Mesmo após a introduçäo da carbamazepina e do ácido valpróico, 10 a 20 por cento dos pacientes continuam refratários as terapêuticas preconizadas. Através desse artigo os autores discutem novas possibilidades de tratamento para o transtorno bipolar refratário


Subject(s)
Humans , Bipolar Disorder , Carbamazepine , Lithium , Antipsychotic Agents
12.
Psiquiatr. biol ; 8(1): 3-7, mar. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-299903

ABSTRACT

Os autores, após apresentarem as condutas psicofarmacológicas adotadas desde o início do tratamento desse paciente em 1994 no Ambulatório Bias Fortes-HC até a sua estabilizaçäo no momento(1), descrevem e discutem os resultados do exame neuropsicológico logo após a estabilizaçäo do quadro e com seis meses de utilizaçäo da medicaçäo


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Bipolar Disorder , Clozapine
14.
Psiquiatr. biol ; 6(3): 127-32, set. 1998.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-225679

ABSTRACT

O sucesso de um tratamento näo depende apenas de um diagnóstico preciso e uma terapêutica adequada. Necessita, principalmente, de um cumprimento rigoroso do programa terapêutico, sem o qual o tratamento está fadado ao insucesso. As dificuldades encontradas para que o paciente cumpra seu tratamento säo muito mais comuns do que imaginamos, näo só por parte do paciente como também por parte do médico, que quando combinadas reforçam a probabilidade de um tratamentto mal sucedido. Este trabalho mostra através de uma extensa revisäo bibliográfica e uma experiência clínica de mais de 20 anos os principais fatores que contribuem para o näo cumprimento do tratamento das doenças mentais


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Consciousness Disorders/therapy , Treatment Outcome , Treatment Refusal , Homeopathic Therapeutic Approaches
15.
Psiquiatr. biol ; 4(3): 153-6, set. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-187326

ABSTRACT

A disfunçao sexual é um dos efeitos adversos, mais freqüentes, induzidos pelo uso de antidepressivos. Diminuiçao da libido, disfunçao erétil, alteraçoes do orgasmo e da ejaculaçao, dor, anestesia vaginal e peniana sao relatos mais comuns. Estratégias para reverter a disfunçao sexual induzida pelos antidepressivos sao usadas com freqüência, entre elas destacam-se: tempo de tolerância para o desenvolvimento, reduçao da dosagem, suspensao do tratamento no final da semana, troca do antidepressivo ou o acréscimo de um novo medicamento. A escolha para que se proceda uma destas intervençoes dependerá das queixas do paciente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/chemically induced , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/drug therapy
16.
Psiquiatr. biol ; 4(1): 31-3, mar. 1996. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-194263

ABSTRACT

A disfunçÝo sexual é um efeito colateral bastante conhecido relacionado ao uso de antidepressivos. Noventa pacientes em uso de vários antidepressivos foram avaliados. Observou-se que a maioria dos casos nÝo cumpriam seus programas terapêuticos devido à disfunçÝo sexual. As principais alteraçSes encontradas foram diminuiçÝo da libido, retardo ou inibiçÝo da ejaculaçÝo, inibiçÝo do orgasmo, disfunçÝo erétil e orgasmo doloroso


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/chemically induced , Citalopram/adverse effects , Clomipramine/adverse effects , Fluoxetine/adverse effects , Imipramine/adverse effects , Paroxetine/adverse effects
17.
Psiquiatr. biol ; 3(2): 52-8, jul. 1995.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-193704

ABSTRACT

A Psicopatologia ainda constitui a base para a percepçäo dos fenômenos anormais que acontecem no cérebro. A fenomenologia psicopatológica de Karl Jaspers nos fornece o método fenomenológico como possibilidade de uma descriçäo acurada e coerente de sinais e sintomas psicopatológicos. Ainda hoje, a psicopatologia fenomenológica constitui instrumento de acesso aos avanços das neurociências. Os autores fazem uma revisäo sobre as pseudo-percepçöes enfocando principalmente as alucinaçöes, diferenciando-a de outras alteraçöes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Hallucinations , Perception , Hallucinations/classification , Hallucinations/history
18.
Psiquiatr. biol ; 2(3): 44-8, nov. 1994.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-194333

ABSTRACT

É indubitável a contribuiçäo que os exames de laboratório tÛm dado à Psiquiatria. Os testes de laboratório podem auxiliar no diagnóstico, demonstrar respostas e cumprimentos de programas terapêuticos, monitorizar níveis terapêuticos de drogas, escolher uma intervençÒo terapêutica adequada e também contribuir para um prognóstico. O novo psiquiatra deve tornar-se familiarizado com estes procedimentos e suas limitaçöes. Uma avaliaçÒo neurológica, testes neuroendocrinológicos, aminograma, deficiência nutricional, exames toxicológicos, testes imunológicos e genéticos deveräo ser levados em consideraçäo e solicitados quando necessário.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mental Disorders/diagnosis , Clinical Laboratory Techniques
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